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One of the first things I learnt to do with HTML was using marquee to move text across the screen horizontally. It was so cool to be able to create advertisements on a page and make users notice things with just a tag. Of course people overused it and then it became a out of fashion item in the new designs just like baggy jeans from 90s.

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History

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The HTML <marquee> element was used to insert a scrolling area of text. You could control what happened when the text reached the edge of it’s area using its attribute. Of course when I use past tense it doesn’t mean it’s not supported anymore. It became obsolete a while back, but most browsers still support it.

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You can see it in action:

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CSS marquees

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So I want to simulate some of these with just CSS. We’ll be using CSS animations and play with overflow to simulate text reaching to the edge.

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Scrolling text

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So let’s play with translateX() to specify the content placement at the start and end of the animation. We’ll use this to keep the text moving between start and end.

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For the animation we will use an infinite linear with 10 seconds duration.

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.marquee {\r\n  height: 50px;\r\n  overflow: hidden;\r\n  position: relative;\r\n}\r\n.marquee span {\r\n  font-size: 2em;\r\n  color: turquoise;\r\n  position: absolute;\r\n  width: 100%;\r\n  height: 100%;\r\n  margin: 0;\r\n  line-height: 50px;\r\n  text-align: center;\r\n  transform:translateX(100%);\r\n  animation: cssmarquee 10s linear infinite;\r\n}\r\n@keyframes cssmarquee {\r\n  0% {\r\n  transform: translateX(100%);\r\n  }\r\n  100% {\r\n  transform: translateX(-100%);\r\n  }\r\n}
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And the HTML is simple:

\n\r\n Scrolling Text \r\n`, `39737539321404380000`)\"\n >\n \n Copy\n \n \n
<div class=\"marquee\">\r\n  <span>Scrolling Text </span>\r\n</div>
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Slide in

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Now let’s slide in the text and fix it at the beginning. We’ll use ease-out with a 200% value for translateX start and 0% for the end.

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.marquee {\r\n  height: 50px;\r\n  overflow: hidden;\r\n  position: relative;\r\n}\r\n.marquee span {\r\n  font-size: 2em;\r\n  color: green;\r\n  position: absolute;\r\n  width: 100%;\r\n  height: 100%;\r\n  margin: 0;\r\n  line-height: 50px;\r\n  text-align: left;\r\n  animation: cssmarquee 10s ease-out;\r\n}\r\n@keyframes cssmarquee {\r\n  0% {\r\n    transform: translateX(200%);\r\n  }\r\n  100% {\r\n    transform: translateX(0%);\r\n  }\r\n}
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I won’t repeat the HTML code again to save some typing 😁. It’s exactly as above.

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Left to right

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Now let’s move the text from left to right this time. Again, we’ll use a linear infinite animation with the reverse values for translateX as our first example.

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The only other difference will be the initial value for transform property.

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.marquee {\r\n  height: 50px;\r\n  overflow: hidden;\r\n  position: relative;\r\n}\r\n.marquee span {\r\n  font-size: 2em;\r\n  position: absolute;\r\n  width: 100%;\r\n  height: 100%;\r\n  color: green;\r\n  margin: 0;\r\n  line-height: 50px;\r\n  text-align: center;\r\n  /* Starting position */\r\n  transform: translateX(-100%);\r\n  animation: cssmarquee 20s linear infinite;\r\n}\r\n@keyframes cssmarquee {\r\n  0% {\r\n    transform: translateX(-100%);\r\n  }\r\n  100% {\r\n    transform: translateX(100%);\r\n  }\r\n}
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Scroll vertically

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By now you should be comfortable guessing what will be using. Instead of translateX, we will be using translateY.

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.marquee {\r\n  height: 100px;\r\n  overflow: hidden;\r\n  position: relative;\r\n}\r\n.marquee span {\r\n  font-size: 2em;\r\n  position: absolute;\r\n  color: green;\r\n  width: 100%;\r\n  height: 100%;\r\n  margin: 0;\r\n  line-height: 50px;\r\n  text-align: center;\r\n  transform: translateY(-100%);\r\n  animation: cssmarquee 5s linear infinite;\r\n}\r\n@keyframes cssmarquee {\r\n  0% {\r\n    transform: translateY(-100%);\r\n  }\r\n  100% {\r\n    transform: translateY(100%);\r\n  }\r\n}
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Bouncing text

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Now let’s assume back then people wanted to get fancy. We want to bounce the text this time 😃. We will need to add alternate to our animation and reduce the delay. We will also add trnslateX so that the content doesn’t bounce off the whole page.

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.marquee {\r\n  height: 200px;\r\n  overflow: hidden;\r\n  position: relative;\r\n}\r\n.marquee span {\r\n  font-size: 2em;\r\n  position: absolute;\r\n  color: turquoise;\r\n  width: 100%;\r\n  height: 100%;\r\n  margin: 0;\r\n  line-height: 50px;\r\n  text-align: center;\r\n  transform: translateY(70%);\r\n  animation: cssmarquee 1s linear infinite alternate;\r\n}\r\n@keyframes cssmarquee {\r\n  0% {\r\n    transform: translateY(70%);\r\n  }\r\n  100% {\r\n    transform: translateY(0%);\r\n  }\r\n}
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Typewriting effect

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Now this time we want to mix our animation with a bit of stepping to create a typewriter effect. We will be using from and to for our keyframes. Then use steps and step-end to simulate the text and blink cursor effect.

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body {\r\n  font-family: 'Special Elite', cursive;\r\n  background: #efefef;\r\n  padding-top: 5em;\r\n  display: flex;\r\n  justify-content: center;\r\n}\r\n\r\n.typewriter h1 {\r\n  overflow: hidden; \r\n  border-right: .15em solid green; \r\n  white-space: nowrap;\r\n  margin: 0 auto; \r\n  letter-spacing: .15em; \r\n  animation: \r\n    type 4s steps(50, end),\r\n    blink-cursor .7s step-end infinite;\r\n}\r\n\r\n@keyframes type {\r\n  from { width: 0 }\r\n  to { width: 100% }\r\n}\r\n\r\n@keyframes blink-cursor {\r\n  from, to { border-color: transparent }\r\n  50% { border-color: green; }\r\n}
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Don’t forget to add the Special Elite font from Google fonts.

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<head>\r\n  <link href=\"https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Special+Elite&display=swap\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\r\n</head>
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Summary

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That was it. You can go back to whatever important job you were doing. A bit of distraction is always good for me and hope this bit was good for you too 😊. Until next time 👋🏼.

","timeToRead":4,"frontmatter":{"title":"Retro HTML, let's create marquees 😃","unformattedDate":"2020-02-09T00:00:00.000Z","date":"Feb 09, 2020","path":"/marquee/","author":"Yaser Adel Mehraban","tags":["webdev","showdev","html","marquee"],"thumbnail":null}}}]}},"pageContext":{"tag":"marquee"}},"staticQueryHashes":[],"slicesMap":{}}